Pop Art And The Pop Culture - 1616 Words

Jason Charles Francisco Humanities 332 Kim Codella Part One I believe that as a culture, our beliefs and values are reflected through various aspects of our everyday lives. During its time, pop art really exposed American culture. The pop art movement gained its prominence in the United States during the 1960’s. The pop art movement came after the abstract expressionist movement and first emerged in Great Britain during the late 1950’s but blew up in the United States. Like I already stated, I believe that in our society our overall beliefs and values are reflected through various aspects of our everyday lives. I believe that pop art and the pop art movement is a great example of this because artists used popular images and everyday things to illustrate our culture. Pop art wasn’t something an everyday person with no artistic background would find hard to interpret because the image was something the person was familiar with. I think the pop art movement took place because its artists wanted to show that they cou ld illustrate the mass culture using popular imagery and to show that these images were also art forms in their own way. Popular imagery are things like advertisements, comic books, labels, logos and everyday objects that we see and use everyday. An example of something that could be used as a pop art piece could be something as simple as a makeup brush. Many of us see one almost everyday because we’re either using it or around someone using it. Although it’s just aShow MoreRelatedWarhol And Art With Pop Culture Essay1524 Words   |  7 PagesBritain and in the United States. During the late 1950’s the pop artists began to look for inspiration in everyday things. They were getting inspiration from consumer goods and mass media. They began with bold colors, and they also adopted the silk-screening. They also established and idea were there work had its own originality. Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein were very aware of the past however there idea was to connect fine art with pop culture. There ideas came straight from the televisions, advertisementsRead MoreInfluence Of Consumer Culture On Pop Art1379 Words   |  6 PagesThe pop movement established itself during the rapid multinational corporate American expansion of the late 1950’s to mid 1960’s (Mamiya 1992, 14). Recognised for their study of subjects of popular culture and incorporation of â€Å"commercial techniques.† (Burton 2007, 113), Pop artists embraced â€Å"the culture of the masses† (Wilson 2011, 3). Although the Pop artists remained critically aware of the shortcomings within consumer culture their entanglement with the mentality and techniques of the cultureRead MorePop Art And Its Influence On American Culture786 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"If Pop art was a from of realism, it was a realism that represented the ways American consumer culture had altered the perception of reality itself. Pop artists imagined themselves confronting a world in which the scale and compass of consumer capitalism, with its near-total saturation of society, exceeded traditional perceptual structures (Miller 598). Pop Art movement took place in various cities but mainly in New York in the sixties and became popular within two or three years. Artist from thisRead MoreThe Oni throughout Pop Culture Literature and Art1381 Words   |  5 PagesThe Oni throughout Pop Culture Literature and Art: The similarity throughout all folk tales involving the oni is that they are villains of the humans. An Oni is a yokai which is a strange and supernatural being from Japanese folklore. yo means attractive, bewitching, and calamity. Kai means mystery and wonder. It can also be translated to be demon, goblin, spirit, or monster. The folklore of japan is a collaboration of different traditions from the isolated tribes that lived on Japans islesRead MorePop Art Form A Critique Of Post Wwii Society And Culture Essay1693 Words   |  7 PagesDoes Pop Art form a critique of post-WWII society and culture or is it a celebration of high capitalism and consumption? Pop Art emerged in Britain in the late 50’s and the United States in the early 60’s.(Mamiya 1992) Pop Art is generally known today as a representation of celebrating popular culture and consumerism, however it’s background and origins are far more broad and extensive. There are many factors and influences that lead to the creation of the Pop Art movement such as adjusting toRead MoreDo A Work Of Fine Art?1157 Words   |  5 Pageswork of fine art. What came to mind? Was it a painting by Van Gogh, or Andy Warhol’s Campbell’s Soup Cans, a current pop song, or a symphony by Beethoven, a piece of literature authored by Emily Brontà «, or one by the Kardashians? Due to its objectivity, art is all encompassing: It can be anything created, written, performed, or photographed within which someone finds beauty. Conversely, fine art is exclusive and elite as evidenced by its’ name and the distinction between itself and art as a whole.Read MoreCompari ng Dada to Pop Art Essays1420 Words   |  6 Pagesto Pop Art In this essay I will compare the Dada and Pop Art movements by depicting the characteristics of each art period, their style and social conditions that may have influenced the creation of each movement. The essay will describe the relationship between the Dada and Pop Art movements. The essay will show their similarities, differences, and the reason why Pop Art did not continue with the Dada tradition although Pop Art also utilized everyday objects as subjects to create art justRead MoreIwt Task 1 Essay1698 Words   |  7 Pagesversus Pop Art In this life, there are many forms of art or art â€Å"movements† to speak of. How we interpret art is a very subjective thing. What a person sees and feels when looking at art greatly depends on their upbringing, their values, and even their mood at the time of viewing. Could something dark and lacking color be art? What about a comic strip in the newspaper or the billboard down the street? Again, interpretation and taste in art is individual. I elected to explore into the two art movementsRead MoreConsumerism And Consumerism1315 Words   |  6 PagesRichard Hamilton, the pioneer of pop art, could recognize the powerful influence of the popular culture, consumption trend and the media. His artworks successfully captured such recognition and led the innovation of the visual image. After the devastating effect of World War II, American pop art introduced to Europe nations and it became their part of European postwar culture. After the fall of the Feudalism, the capitalist mode of production was introduced in many European countries. The countriesRead More Pop Art Essay examples1436 Words   |  6 PagesThe Pop Art movement has always been scrutinised for its legitimacy in the traditional Art world. The notion of Pop Art, in the 1960’s, seemed to some critics to be simple appropriation, taking an idea from someone else and then making it their own by altering or decontextualizing it. Traditional artists, art collectors and appreciators, found this new challenge of separating High Art from Low Culture difficult with the avant-garde approach taken by Pop Artists like Claes Oldenburg, Andy Warhol

The Science Behind Race - 1185 Words

Complicity: The Science Behind Race â€Å"And thus in the Land of the Color-line I saw, as it fell across my baby, the shadow of the Veil. Within the Veil was he born, said I; and there within shall he live, - a Negro and a Negro’s son. Holding in that little head- ah, bitterly! - the unbowed pride of a hunted race, clinging with that tiny dimpled hand – ah, wearily!- to a hope not hopeless but unhopeful, and seeing with those bright wondering eyes that peer into my soul a land whose freedom is to us a mockery and whose liberty a lie.† - W.E.B. Du Bois, The Souls of Black Folk ( Du Bois p.151) In Complicity: How the North Promoted, Prolonged and Profited from Slavery the authors delve into the complexity and the dependency of the†¦show more content†¦Josiah Nott hailed from Connecticut and studied at University of Pennsylvania before becoming a physician in Alabama. (Farrow p. 183) These three â€Å"race† scientists Morton, Nott, Agassiz â€Å"were considered among the brightest minds of their time.† (Farrow p.182) Samuel Morton measured the features and the capacity of human skulls; he concluded that there were five â€Å"races† or species and blacks had the smallest brain capacity. To support his argument he suggested that God must have’ intervened at the time of the flood to reshape mankind.† (Farrow p. 186) Josiah Nott published an article supporting an 1840 census and declared, â€Å"Slaves lived longer† and was less prone to lunacy than free northern blacks. (Farrow et al. p. 186-187) The most damaging research produced by Morton, Agassiz and Nott were their theories that declared â€Å"Caucasians and Negros† as different species and defined blacks as subhuman species. (p.186) Agassiz and Nott further warned against the mixing of races, claiming the purity of white race could be contaminated by the black race. â€Å"These influential scientists not only helped justify slavery, they helped solidify the myth of black inferiority† (Farrow, et al. p. xxviii) Once developed this construct of race which â€Å"dehumanized African Americans was disseminated in just about every medium and institution in society: newspapers, magazines, books, courts, schools and universities and even in Congress.† (Wilson p.108) Slaves wereShow MoreRelatedSex, Gender, And Gender915 Words   |  4 Pagesworkings and gender represents social forces that mold behavior. Historically, science has played a major role in constructing and reinforcing sex as either male or female. Many scientists looked at the bodies as a whole and skeletons to make the distinction of only male and female sexes. 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Lab 5 Cellular Respiration Free Essays

string(45) " same amount of cotton and KOH in each vial\." Lab 5Cellular Respiration Introduction: Cellular respiration is an ATP-producing catabolic process in which the ultimate electron acceptor is an inorganic molecule, such as oxygen. It is the release of energy from organic compounds by metabolic chemical oxidation in the mitochondria within each cell. Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats can all be metabolized as fuel, but cellular respiration is most often described as the oxidation of glucose, as follows: C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 686 kilocalories of energy/mole of glucose oxidized Cellular respiration involves glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. We will write a custom essay sample on Lab 5 Cellular Respiration or any similar topic only for you Order Now Glycolysis is a catabolic pathway that occurs in the cytosol and partially oxidizes glucose into twopyruvate (3-C). The Krebs cycle is also a catabolic pathway that occurs in the mitochondrial matrix and completes glucose oxidation by breaking down apyruvate derivative (Acetyl-CoA) into carbon dioxide. These two cycles both produce a small amount of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation and NADH by transferring electrons from substrate to NAD+ (Krebs cycle also produces FADH2 by transferring electrons to FAD). The electron transport chain is located at the inner membrane of the mitochondrion, accepts energized electrons from reduced coenzymes that are harvested during glycolysis and Krebs cycle, and couples this exergonic slide of electrons to ATP synthesis or oxidative phosphorylation. This process produces 90% of the ATP. Cells respond to changing metabolic needs by controlling reaction rates. Anabolic pathways are switched off when their products are in ample supply. The most common mechanism of control is feedback inhibition. Catabolic pathways, such as glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, are controlled by regulating enzyme activity at strategic points. A key control point of catabolism is the third step of glycolysis, which is catalyzed by an allosteric enzyme, phosphofructokinase. The ratio of ATP to ADP and AMP reflects the energy status of the cell, and phosphofructokinase is sensitive to changes in this ratio. Citrate and ATP are allosteric inhibitors of phosphofructokinase, so when their concentration rise, the enzyme slows glycolysis. As the rate of glycolysis slows, the Krebs cycle also slows since the supply of Acetyl-CoA is reduced. This synchronizes the rates of glycolysis and the Krebs cycle. ADP and AMP are allosteric activators for phosphofructokinase, so when their concentrations relative to ATP rise, the enzyme speeds up glycolysis, which speeds of the Krebs cycle. Cellular respiration is measure in three manners: the consumption of O2 (how many moles of O2 are consumed in cellular respiration? ), production of CO2 (how many moles of CO2 are produced in cellular respiration? , and the release of energy during cellular respiration. PV = nRT is the formula for the inert gas law, where P is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, n is the number of molecules of gas, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature of the gas in degrees K. This law implies several important things about gases. If temperature and pressure are kept constant then the volume of the gas is directly proportional to the number of molecules of the gas. If the temperature and volume remain constant, then the pressure of the gas changes in direct proportion to the number of molecules of gas. If the number of gas molecules and the temperature remain constant, then the pressure is inversely proportional to the volume. If the temperature changes and the number of gas molecules is kept constant, then either pressure or volume or both will change in direct proportion to the temperature. Hypothesis: The respirometer with only germinating peas will consume the largest amount of oxygen and will convert the largest amount of CO2 into K2CO3 than the respirometers with beads and dry peas and with beads alone. The temperature of the water baths directly effects the rate of oxygen consumption by the contents in the respirometers (the higher the temperature, the higher the rate of consumption). Materials: The following materials are necessary for the lab: 2 thermometers, 2 shallow baths, tap water, ice, paper towels, masking tape, germinating peas, non-germinating (dry) peas, glass beads, 100 mL graduated cylinder, 6 vials, 6 rubber stoppers, absorbent and non- absorbent cotton, KOH, a 5-mL pipette, silicon glue, paper, pencil, a timer, and 6 washers. Procedure: Prepare a room temperature and a 10oC water bath. Time to adjust the temperature of each bath will be necessary. Add ice cubes to one bath until the desired temperature of 10oC is obtained. Fill a 100 mL graduated cylinder with 50 mL of water. Add 25 germinating peas and determine the amount of water that is displaced. Record this volume of the 25 germinating peas, then remove the peas and place them on a paper towel. They will be used for respirometer 1. Next, refill the graduated cylinder with 50 mL of water and add 25 non-germinating peas to it. Add glass beads to the graduated cylinder until the volume is equivalent to that of the expanded germinating peas. Remove the beads and peas and place on a paper towel. They will be used in respirometer 2. Now, refill the graduated cylinder with 50 mL of water. Determine how many glass beads would be required to attain a volume that is equivalent to that of the germinating peas. Remove the beads. They will be used in respirometer 3. Then repeat the procedures used above to prepare a second set of germinating peas, dry peas and beads, and beads to be used in respirometers 4,5,and 6. Assemble the six respirometers by obtaining 6 vials, each with an attached stopper and pipette. Then place a small wad of absorbent cotton in the bottom of each vial and, using the pipette or syringe, saturate the cotton with 15 % KOH. Be sure not to get the KOH on the sides of the respirometer. Then place a small wad of non- absorbent cotton on top of the KOH-soaked absorbent cotton. Repeat these steps to make the other five respirometers. It is important to use about the same amount of cotton and KOH in each vial. You read "Lab 5 Cellular Respiration" in category "Essay examples" Next, place the first set of germinating peas, dry peas and beads and beads alone in vials 1,2, and 3. Place the second set of germinating peas, dry peas and beads, and glass beads in vials 4,5, and 6. Insert the stoppers in each vial with the proper pipette. Place a washer on each of the pipettes to be used as a weight. Make a sling using masking tape and attach it to each side of the water baths to hold the pipettes out of the water during the equilibration period of 10 minutes. Vials 1,2, and 3 should be in the bath containing water at room temperature. Vials 4, 5, and 6 should be in the bath containing water that is 10oC. After the equilibration period, immerse all six respirometers into the water completely. Water will enter the pipette for a short distance and stop. If the water does not stop, there is a leak. Make sure the pipettes are facing a direction from where you can read them. The vials should not be shifted during the experiment and your hands should not be placed in the water during the experiment. Allow the respirometers to equilibrate for three more minutes and then record the initial water reading in each pipette at time 0. Check the temperature in both baths and record the data. Every five minutes for 20 minutes take readings of the water’s position in each pipette, and record. Results: In this activity, you are investigating both the effects of germination versus non-germination and warm temperature versus cold temperature on respiration rate. Identify the hypothesis being tested on this activity. The rate of cellular respiration is higher in the germinating peas in cold than in the beads or non-germinating peas; the cooler temperature in the cold water baths slows the process of cellular respiration in the both germinating and non-germinating peas. This activity uses a number of controls. Identify at least three of the controls, and describe the purpose of each. The constant temperature in the water baths yielding stable readings, the unvarying volume of KOH from vial to vial leading to equal amounts of carbon dioxide consumption, identical equilibration periods for all the respirometers, precise time intervals between measurements, and glass beads acting as a control for barometric pressure all served as controls. Describe and explain the relationship between the amount of oxygen consumed and time. There was a constant, gradual incline in the amount of oxygen consumed over precise passage of time. Why is it necessary to correct the readings from the peas with the readings from the beads? The beads served as a control variable, therefore, the beads experienced no change in gas volume. Explain the effects of germination (versus non-germination) on pea seed respiration. The germinating seeds have a higher metabolic rate and needed more oxygen for growth and survival. The non-germinating peas, though alive, needed to consume far less oxygen for continued subsistence. Above is a sample graph of possible data obtained for oxygen consumption by germinating peas up to about 8oC. Draw in predicted results through 45oC. Explain your prediction. Once the temperature reached a certain point, the enzymes necessary for cellular respiration denatured and germination (and large amounts of oxygen consumption) was inhibited. What is the purpose of KOH in this experiment? The KOH drops absorbed the carbon dioxide and caused it to precipitate at the bottom of the vial and no longer able to effect the readings. Why did the vial have to be completely sealed under the stopper? The stopper at the top of the vial had to be completely sealed so that no gas could leak out of the vial and no water would be allowed into the vial. If you used the same experimental design to compare the rates of respiration of a 35g mammal at 10oC, what results would you expect? Explain your reasoning. Respiration would be higher in the mammal since they are warm-blooded and endothermic. If respiration in a small mammal were studied at both room temperature (21oC) and 10oC, what results would you predict? Explain your reasoning. Respiration would be higher at 21 degrees because it would be necessary for the animal to maintain a higher body temperature. The results would proliferate at 10 degrees because the mammal would be required to retain its body temperature at an even lower temperature in comparison to room temperature. Explain why water moved into the respirometer pipettes. While the peas underwent cellular respiration, they consumed oxygen and released carbon dioxide, which reacted with the KOH in the vial, resulting in a decrease of gas in the pipette. The water moved into the pipette because the vial and pipette were completely submerged into the bath. Design an experiment to examine the rates of cellular respiration in peas that have been germinating for 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours. What results would you expect? Why? Respirometers could be set up with respirometer 1 containing non-germinating peas, respirometer 2 holding peas that have been germinating 24 hours, 3 would contain the peas that germinated 48 hours, and 4 would hold the peas that germinated 72 hours. All the respirometers should have the KOH added to the bottom in the same manner as in lab described earlier. The respirometers should be placed in baths with the same temperature for all the respirometers. The seeds that have not begun germination would consume very little oxygen. The peas that have been germinating for 72 hours will have the greatest amount of oxygen consumption, while the other two samples will consume a medium (in comparison to respirometers 1 and 4 results) amount of oxygen. Error Analysis: Numerous errors could have occurred throughout the lab. The temperature of the baths may have been allowed to fluctuate, the amounts of peas, beads, KOH, and cotton may have varied from vial to vial damaging the results, and these problems would have occurred only during set up. Air may have been allowed to creep into the vial via a leaky stopper or poorly sealed pipette. Timing for the equilibration of the respirometers and the five-minute time intervals may have been erroneous. It was somewhat difficult to read the markings on the pipettes and so errors are always likely. Mathematical inaccuracies may have taken place when filling out the table and finding the corrected difference by using the formula provided. Discussion and Conclusion: The lab and the results gained from this lab demonstrated many important things relating to cellular respiration. It showed that the rates of cellular respiration are greater in germinating peas than in non- germinating peas. It also showed that temperature and respiration rates are directly proportional; as temperature increases, respiration rates increase as well. Because of this fact, the peas contained by the respirometers placed in the water at 10oC carried on cellular respiration at a lower rate than the peas in respirometers placed in the room temperature water. The non-germinating peas consumed far less oxygen than the germinating peas. This is because, though germinating and non-germinating peas are both alive, germinating peas require a larger amount of oxygen to be consumed so that the seed will continue to grow and survive. In the lab, CO2 made during cellular respiration was removed by the potassium hydroxide (KOH) and created potassium carbonate (K2CO3). It was necessary that the carbon dioxide be removed so that the change in the volume of gas in the respirometer was directly proportional to the amount of oxygen that was consumed. In the experiment water will moved toward the region of lower pressure. During respiration, oxygen will be consumed and its volume will be reduced to a solid. The result was a decrease in gas volume within the tube, and a related decrease in pressure in the tube. The respirometer with just the glass beads served as a control, allowing changes in volume due to changes in atmospheric pressure and/or temperature. This activity uses a number of controls. Identify at least three of the controls, and describe the purpose of each. The constant temperature in the water baths yielding stable readings, the unvarying volume of KOH from vial to vial leading to equal amounts of carbon dioxide consumption, identical equilibration periods for all the respirometers, precise time intervals between measurements, and glass beads acting as a control for barometric pressure all served as controls. Describe and explain the relationship between the amount of oxygen consumed and time. There was a constant, gradual incline in the amount of oxygen consumed over precise passage of time. Condition Calculations Rate in mL O2/ minute Germinating Peas/ 10oC (1. 40-1. 38) 20 min. .001 Germinating Peas/ 20oC (1. 35-. 57) 20 min. .040 Dry Peas/ 10oC (1. 40-1. 38) 20 min. .001 Dry Peas/ 20oC (1. 47-1. 42) 20 min. .003 Why is it necessary to correct the readings from the peas with the readings from the beads? The beads served as a control variable, therefore, the beads experienced no change in gas volume. Explain the effects of germination (versus non-germination) on pea seed respiration. The germinating seeds have a higher metabolic rate and needed more oxygen for growth and survival. The non-germinating peas, though alive, needed to consume far less oxygen for continued subsistence. Above is a sample graph of possible data obtained for oxygen consumption by germinating peas up to about 8oC. Draw in predicted results through 45oC. Explain your prediction. Once the temperature reached a certain point, the enzymes necessary for cellular respiration denatured and germination (and large amounts of oxygen consumption) was inhibited. What is the purpose of KOH in this experiment? The KOH drops absorbed the carbon dioxide and caused it to precipitate at the bottom of the vial and no longer able to effect the readings. Why did the vial have to be completely sealed under the stopper? The stopper at the top of the vial had to be completely sealed so that no gas could leak out of the vial and no water would be allowed into the vial. If you used the same experimental design to compare the rates of respiration of a 35g mammal at 10oC, what results would you expect? Explain your reasoning. Respiration would be higher in the mammal since they are warm-blooded and endothermic. If respiration in a small mammal were studied at both room temperature (21oC) and 10oC, what results would you predict? Explain your reasoning. Respiration would be higher at 21 degrees because it would be necessary for the animal to maintain a higher body temperature. The results would proliferate at 10 degrees because the mammal would be required to retain its body temperature at an even lower temperature in comparison to room temperature. Explain why water moved into the respirometer pipettes. While the peas underwent cellular respiration, they consumed oxygen and released carbon dioxide, which reacted with the KOH in he vial, resulting in a decrease of gas in the pipette. The water moved into the pipette because the vial and pipette were completely submerged into the bath. Design an experiment to examine the rates of cellular respiration in peas that have been germinating for 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours. What results would you expect? Why? Respirometers could be set up with respirome ter 1 containing non-germinating peas, respirometer 2 holding peas that have been germinating 24 hours, 3 would contain the peas that germinated 48 hours, and 4 would hold the peas that germinated 72 hours. All the respirometers should have the KOH added to the bottom in the same manner as in lab described earlier. The respirometers should be placed in baths with the same temperature for all the respirometers. The seeds that have not begun germination would consume very little oxygen. The peas that have been germinating for 72 hours will have the greatest amount of oxygen consumption, while the other two samples will consume a medium (in comparison to respirometers 1 and 4 results) amount of oxygen. Error Analysis: Numerous errors could have occurred throughout the lab. The temperature of the baths may have been allowed to fluctuate, the amounts of peas, beads, KOH, and cotton may have varied from vial to vial damaging the results, and these problems would have occurred only during set up. Air may have been allowed to creep into the vial via a leaky stopper or poorly sealed pipette. Timing for the equilibration of the respirometers and the five-minute time intervals may have been erroneous. It was somewhat difficult to read the markings on the pipettes and so errors are always likely. Mathematical inaccuracies may have taken place when filling out the table and finding the corrected difference by using the formula provided. Discussion and Conclusion: The lab and the results gained from this lab demonstrated many important things relating to cellular respiration. It showed that the rates of cellular respiration are greater in germinating peas than in non- germinating peas. It also showed that temperature and respiration rates are directly proportional; as temperature increases, respiration rates increase as well. Because of this fact, the peas contained by the respirometers placed in the water at 10oC carried on cellular respiration at a lower rate than the peas in respirometers placed in the room temperature water. The non-germinating peas consumed far less oxygen than the germinating peas. This is because, though germinating and non-germinating peas are both alive, germinating peas require a larger amount of oxygen to be consumed so that the seed will continue to grow and survive. In the lab, CO2 made during cellular respiration was removed by the potassium hydroxide (KOH) and created potassium carbonate (K2CO3). It was necessary that the carbon dioxide be removed so that the change in the volume of gas in the respirometer was directly proportional to the amount of oxygen that was consumed. In the experiment water will moved toward the region of lower pressure. During respiration, oxygen will be consumed and its volume will be reduced to a solid. The result was a decrease in gas volume within the tube, and a related decrease in pressure in the tube. The respirometer with just the glass beads served as a control, allowing changes in volume due to changes in atmospheric pressure and/or temperature. How to cite Lab 5 Cellular Respiration, Essay examples

Creativity and innovation across organizational levels

Question : Discuss about the Creativity and Innovation Across organizational Levels ? Answer : Introduction: The concept of sustainability has been an important part of businesses over the past few decades. The concept of Human Resource Management (HRM) deals with the treatment of human resources within an organization. On the other hand, innovation has been one of the major factors for the success of businesses (Storey 2014). In order to be innovative, the organizations are not only required to bring creativity and innovation in its products and services but are also required to bring innovation and creativity in the HRM practices. For obtaining organizational objectives, the organizations are also required to invest in human resources, provide proper training and act innovatively. In order to be successful, the organizations are required to use creativity and innovation in keeping the employees satisfied and increasing their efficiency (Armstrong and Taylor 2017). Analysis: Ooredoo is an Oman based telecommunication company founded in 2004 that provides voice and data services. The company is also listed at the Muscat Securities Market. Ooredoo is one of the largest telecom companies in terms of market capitalization. The company has also been awarded as the best Organization with innovative HR Practices at the Asia Pacific HRM Congress Communication Awards 2012. The company defeated leading companies such as Coca-Cola, Tata motors, Deloitte and ING Investment Management (Mitchell, Obeidat and Bray 2013). The company has more than 1000 employees who are the dedicated family members for the company. The company has implemented numerous programs for building a caring work culture that strives for excellence. The company considers itself to be a peoples company as it strives to maintain an energetic and positive work environment. With the help of several unique initiatives, the members of the company thrive and develop in a dynamic environment that includes an open plan working space for all the employees including the Chief Executive Officer. This form of layout encourages effective communication among the different departments and it also encourages personal interaction. The company has introduced Face mail every Wednesday when the members of the organization meet to solve the issues and queries rather than just sending e-mails (Howe-Walsh,Turnbull and Boulanouar 2015). The company uses creativity in its human resource management practices in order to make the work interesting, rewarding and motivating. The company has a separate department namely People experience department that conducts various motivational as well as awareness workshops, communicates staff benefits and manages the weekly activities of the teams. This is termed by the company as take a break challenge (Afiouni, Rul and Schuler 2014). The company is also involved in bringing the employees together so that they can share their experiences. The company involves its employees in the discussions regarding its future plans via a two day annual event that is termed as All hands. Another innovative strategy that was introduced by the company is Flash all hands, which enabled the members of the company to informally gather at a short-term notice in order to celebrate achievements and to know about various exciting announcements. The company is also involved in empowerment of women in order to encourage their participation in the communication process. Approximately one-third of the employees of the company are female members and the company assists them in achieving their goals. Therefore, the company has efficiently utilized creative leadership in its human resource management. Creative leadership involves engaging the right kind of person, at the appropriate time, to the right degree in creative work (Henker, Sonnentag and Unger 2015). Creative leadership encourages, captures and implements imaginative strategies and solutions that are capable of producing uncommon results that redefine an organization. The company has initiated several creative programs for managing its human resources that has led to the success of the company. Figure 1: Framework of creative leadership (Source: Dinh 2014) Creativity is an essential part of all organizations as it helps an organization to gain competitive advantage over the others. Creative leadership involves providing flexibility to the employees in the workplace. Establishment of effective communication between all the levels of the organization is very essential. Proper flow of information and involvement of the employees in important decisions of the company make them feel wanted (Daft 2014). Innovation in the strategies of managing the human resource becomes very essential because the efficiency of the employees lead to the success of the organization. Therefore, through creative leadership the companies must ensure proper interaction with their employees and provide them enough flexibility to come up with their ideas and thoughts. Plan to promote creativity in Ooredoo: The following is the plan to promote innovation and creativity in the company: The leaders of the Ooredoo shall evaluate whether the skills and talents of all the employees in the organization are utilized to their maximum capacity or not. The leaders shall involve the employees in significant job roles so that they feel that their contribution is very essential for the functioning of the company which in turn shall increase the loyalty of the employees towards the company. The leaders shall to understand that creativity and innovation are not an easy task for everyone. The leaders shall emphasize more on the utilizing the creativity of the team in the development of the employees as well as the company rather than emphasizing more on the productivity. The leaders shall discourage relationship conflicts in the teams and shall encourage task conflicts such that the debates among the employees result in more effective solutions. The leaders shall ensure that the organization inspires the employees to work more efficiently by interacting with the employees on a weekly basis and knowing their causes of grievances and satisfaction. Conclusion: The report mentioned the case study of Ooredoo, which is an Oman based telecommunication company that provides voice and data services. With the help of several unique initiatives, the members of the company thrive and develop in a dynamic environment that includes an open plan working space for all. The company is also involved in bringing the employees together so that they can share their experiences. The company involves its employees in the discussions regarding its future plans. The company has used creativity and innovation in its approaches of managing its human resources. It can be stated that creativity is an essential part of all organizations as it helps an organization to gain competitive advantage over the others. Creative leadership involves providing flexibility to the employees in the workplace and establishment of effective communication between all the levels of the organization. Therefore, from the case study of Ooredoo, it can be stated that the company has effic iently managed its human resources by involving them in various activities of the organization as well as in the decision making processes. With the increase in competition, the companies are not only required to come up with innovative products and services but also come up with innovative strategies in the management of human resources. Allowing the employees to take part in the activities of the organization encourages them to come up with their own innovative ideas that can be very useful to the company. Therefore, creative leadership helps the company to differentiate itself from others and gain competitive advantage over them. Recommendations: The organizations must promote organizational creativity and innovation and sustain them in order to achieve long-term profits. The following are the recommendations through which an organization can promote organizational creativity: The leaders of the companies must ensure that the skills and talents of all the employees in the organization are used to their maximum capacity. It is the responsibility of the leaders to involve the employees in significant job roles so as to make them feel that their contribution is very essential for the functioning of the company. The leaders are required to understand that creativity and innovation are not an easy task The leaders must emphasize more on the creativity of the team rather than emphasizing more on the productivity The leaders are also required to encourage task conflicts such that the debates among the employees result in more effective solution The leaders must ensure that the organization inspires the employees to work more efficiently The leaders must ensure that they hire creative and talented people rather than highly educated people with less innovative skills and creativity The above recommendations shall ensure that the creativity of the employees are utilized to the maximum extent and it helps the organization to achieve its objectives and goals. Bringing the employees together so that they can share their experiences and by involving the employees in the discussions regarding its future plans shall enable the organizations to achieve their ultimate objectives. 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